Liberalism, Justice and Cultural Pluralism
نویسنده
چکیده
Classic.1J libcr;llism as opposed to traditional conceprs has csr.1hlirhcd a nntinn of justice which eavis.1ge.s rbe equality of individuw (negutivt!) freedom.1 rwd (turcllay) rights. Under tbc influence of sociolist criticism modem-day liberal~ !J.1vc he<m trying tn include within rhr, concept of ;i1stice tbc: prob/c:~n of the ch~'lribuuuu ul pus1tive fr<,edoms lll1d rights. The already dassJc attempt of solving this probkm is rhc thCOIJ' of justice by Jo/111 Rawls. Rawls defint:.s justiCe .1s faimc.t~, whose IMsic plinciplt:.< .1m: t/;r: equality of basic frc1edorus of individuu/.1romputJbltJ with the frc,cdom ol other individllills: tbc distribution ol goods which will most benefit the least privl1eged; the prim:JC)' nf freedom over stXL:7l equality and justice over economic effiden1-y. iii 11 pluralist society these principks should t1cilitate the establishment of the "overlapping consensus" ,1mnng divergent soCJ;1! groups on tile issues of L/Je basic sl.x:iw strur.:lure. lrJ his attempt to solve the problems of social cqu.11icy w!Jicb Rm"411s' theory leaves open-ended, Mid1ae/ Walzer postu/.1(($ the principle nf cnmpleK CJ]'J.1/ity which reqoires diflemnt IV:~~· vi distrl1111!iuJJ fur dif[en:wf !ypt$ of goods. Thest• types cannot be speciiicd in sdvaJJcc: bowcvcr, their distribution is rile most remarkable sial/ of liberal pnlitiC'i. Fi1w!Jy. the .wtbnr dnims that the problem of ,1 just puliticul org;miz<Jtion or rnultJcultural socJ"tics ctJn be solved by applying Rawls· principle of !aJroess 011 the negotiatin.r: prnccSSC$ .1nd on achiew'ng cnnsenstJs aruong divergtmf eulturui group~· un cert11in £<;SUe~:
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